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2.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(4)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1409011

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Comparar los resultados visuales y refractivos pre- y posoperatorios en pacientes miopes operados con técnicas de superficie y perfil de ablación asférico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental controlado aleatorizado abierto, tipo de equivalencia y no inferioridad, en 160 pacientes (320 ojos). En el estudio se formaron dos grupos: el primero quedó constituido por 80 pacientes (160 ojos), a quienes se les realizó queratectomía fotorrefractiva más mitomicina C, y el segundo fue conformado por 80 pacientes (160 ojos), a quienes se les realizó LASEK más mitomicina C. Resultados: Predominaron en ambos grupos las mujeres con miopía leve y edades entre 21 y 29 años. A los tres meses el grupo queratectomía fotorrefractiva más mitomicina C tenía agudeza visual sin corrección de 0,97 ± 0,09; esfera 0,003 ± 0,21; cilindro -0,09 ± 0,30 y equivalente esférico -0,04 ± 0,23. En el grupo LASEK más mitomicina C, la agudeza visual sin corrección fue de 0,96 ± 0,11; la esfera -0,007 ± 0,24; el cilindro -0,08 ± 0,25 y el equivalente esférico -0,06 ± 0,26. Conclusión: Ambas técnicas quirúrgicas mejoraron significativamente los resultados refractivos y visuales, pero no hubo diferencia entre ellas(AU)


Objective: Compare the pre- and postoperative visual and refractive results in myopic patients operated with surface techniques and aspheric ablation profile. Methods: An open randomized controlled experimental study, equivalence and non-inferiority type was carried out in 160 patients (320 eyes). In the study, two groups were formed: the first group was made up of 80 patients (160 eyes), who underwent Photorefractive keratectomy - mitomycin C, and the second group made up of 80 patients (160 eyes), underwent LASEK - mitomycin C. Results: Women with mild myopia and ages between 21 and 29 years old predominated in both groups. At three months, the Photorefractive keratectomy - mitomycin C group had AVSC 0.97 ± 0.09; sphere 0.003 ± 0.21; cylinder -0.09 ± 0.30 and spherical equivalent -0.04 ± 0, 2. 3. In the Photorefractive keratectomy - mitomycin C group, AVSC 0.96 ± 0.11; sphere -0.007 ± 0.24; cylinder -0.08 ± 0.25 and spherical equivalent -0.06 ± 0.26. Conclusion: Both surgical techniques improved significantly refractive and visual results, but there was no difference between them(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Mitomycin/therapeutic use , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Myopia/surgery
3.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(3): e1071, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1352029

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de dos concentraciones de mitomicina C para la prevención del haze en la queratectomía fotorrefractiva. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental aleatorizado en 26 ojos de 17 pacientes con defectos miópicos. Los pacientes fueron asignados a dos grupos según las dosis de mitomicina C (0,02 por ciento grupo 1 y 0,002 por ciento grupo 2). La variable de respuesta principal fue la presencia de haze. Se buscó correlación entre la magnitud del haze con grado de ametropía tratada, profundidad de ablación, microscopia endotelial y resultados visuales y refractivos. Resultados: A los 6 meses la mayoría de los pacientes del grupo 1 no presentó haze (ocho ojos / 57 por ciento), y del grupo 2 mantuvieron haze 0,5 (6 ojos / 50 por ciento). En la ametropía severa el haze en el grupo 2 fue mayor que en el grupo 1 durante todo el posoperatorio, y se observó la mayor diferencia al sexto mes con 0,5 ± 0,4 vs. 1,5 ± 0,32. En ablaciones > 75 micras el grupo dos terminó con más haze que el uno, con 0,5 ± 0,44 vs. 1,75 ± 0,76. La agudeza visual sin corrección se vio más afectada en el grupo 2. No hubo daño endotelial en ningún grupo. Conclusión: La presencia de haze predomina en los casos tratados con dosis 0,002 por ciento de mitomicina C, comparada con la dosis 0,02 por ciento, aunque en este caso ambos grupos mantuvieron un resultado visual y refractivo adecuado y baja toxicidad endotelial.


Objective: Evaluate the usefulness of two concentrations of mitomycin C for haze prevention in photorefractive keratectomy. Methods: An experimental randomized study was conducted of 26 eyes of 17 patients with myopic defects. The patients were divided into two groups according to their mitomycin C doses (Group 1: 0.02 percent and Group 2: 0.002 percent). The main response variable was the presence of haze. Verification was performed of the correlation between haze magnitude and the degree of the ametropia treated, ablation depth, endothelial microscopy, and visual and refractive results. Results: At six months most patients in Group 1 did not have any haze (eight eyes / 57 percent), whereas 0.5 (6 eyes / 50 percent) in Group 2 still had haze. In severe ametropia, haze was larger in Group 2 than in Group 1 throughout the postoperative period, the greatest difference being observed in the sixth month with 0.5 ± 0.4 vs 1.5 ± 0.32. In ablations > 75 microns, Group 2 ended with more haze than Group 1, with 0.5 ± 0.44 vs 1.75 ± 0.76. Uncorrected visual acuity was more affected in Group 2. No endothelial damage occurred in either group. Conclusion: The presence of haze prevails in cases treated with 0.002 percent doses of mitomycin C, as compared with 0.02 percent doses, though in this case both groups maintained an appropriate visual and refractive result and low endothelial toxicity(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Refractive Errors/etiology , Mitomycin/therapeutic use , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 143-145, Mar.-Apr. 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280101

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT A 27-year-old healthy man with a history of bilateral photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) enhancement after femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) presented with decreased uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) of 20/125 in the right eye (OD) and 20/300 in the left eye (OS) six months after PRK. Examination revealed bilateral dense subepithelial opacities. Both eyes (OU) were treated with superficial keratectomy combined with phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) and adjunctive application of mitomycin C 0.02%. At three months follow up UDVA was 20/30 OD and 20/25 OS. Superficial keratectomy combined with PTK seems to be a safe and efficient technique for treatment of dense subepithelial scar formation following PRK enhancement after LASIK.


RESUMO Um homem saudável de 27 anos de idade com história de aprimoramento com ceratectomia fotorrefrativa (PRK) bilateral, após Ceratomileuse Assistida por Excimer Laser In Situ (LASIK) com laser de femtossegundos, apresentou diminuição da acuidade visual à distância não corrigida (AVNC) de 20/125 no olho direito (OD) e 20/300 no olho esquerdo (OE) seis meses após PRK. O exame revelou opacidades subepiteliais densas bilaterais. Ambos os olhos (AO) foram tratados com queratectomia superficial combinada com ceratectomia fototerapêutica (PTK) e aplicação adjuvante de mitomicina C a 0,02%. Aos três meses de acompanhamento, o AVNC foi de 20/30 OD e 20/25 OE. A ceratectomia superficial combinada com PTK parece ser uma técnica segura e eficiente para o tratamento da formação densa de cicatrizes subepiteliais após o aprimoramento com PRK pós-LASIK.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Fibrosis/therapy , Photorefractive Keratectomy/adverse effects , Wound Healing , Fibrosis/etiology , Visual Acuity , Mitomycin/administration & dosage , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Corneal Opacity/diagnosis , Corneal Opacity/etiology , Corneal Topography , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ , Debridement , Corneal Surgery, Laser , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Myopia/surgery
5.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(1): 67-70, jan.-fev. 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251316

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) é o método cirúrgico refrativo mais realizado no mundo com excelentes resultados, porém tal método não é isento de riscos. A ectasia pós LASIK é uma complicação grave e se caracteriza por um aumento progressivo da curvatura e afinamento da córnea, resultando em astigmatismo irregular e diminuição da acuidade visual. Sua incidência na literatura atual é de aproximadamente 0,033%. O principal tratamento dessa complicação é o implante de anel intra-estromal com cross-linking. Neste artigo descrevemos um caso de uma mulher de 45 anos submetida a sucessivas tentativas de tratamento de ectasia pós LASIK, com implante de anel intra-estromal bilateral, sem sucesso em um dos olhos. Foi feito o uso do excimer laser topoguiado através do photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) sem o cross-linking, que optamos por não realizar pela estabilidade há anos, pelo risco alto de haze e pela ablação apenas na lamela (que era espessa).A paciente obteve melhorasignificativa da visão e da qualidade de vida. Mantemos o acompanhamento a cada seis meses desde então com a tomografia da córnea.


ABSTRACT The laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is the most widely used refractory surgical method in the world with excellent results, but this method is not without risks. Post-LASIK ectasia is a serious complication and is characterized by a progressive increase in curvature and thinning of the cornea, resulting in irregular astigmatism and decreasing visual acuity. Its incidence in the current literature is approximately 0.033%. The main treatment for this complication is the implantation of an intra-stromal ring with crosslinking. In this article, we describe a case of a 45-year-old woman who underwent successive attempts to treat post-LASIK ectasia, with bilateral intra-stromal ring implantation, with no success in the eyes. Excimer laser was used, made through photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) without cross-linking and the patient obtained significant improvement in vision and in quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Dilatation, Pathologic/etiology
6.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 32(2): e717, abr.-jun. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1093685

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados relacionados con la efectividad y la seguridad en el tratamiento con queratectomía subepitelial asistida por láser con mitomicina C versus queratectomía fotorreactiva con mitomicina C en ojos con miopía o astigmatismo miópico compuesto. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental, longitudinal y prospectivo en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer entre abril del año 2016 y abril de 2017. Se empleó un muestreo aleatorio simple por el cual se obtuvo la técnica quirúrgica a realizar. El primer ojo operado fue el derecho y a la semana se realizó la cirugía en el ojo izquierdo, en el cual se aplicó la otra técnica quirúrgica. Esto permitió realizar en cada paciente ambas técnicas quirúrgicas. La muestra quedó constituida por 146 ojos (73 pacientes) que cumplían con los criterios de selección. Resultados: El comportamiento preoperatorio entre los dos grupos fue muy similar. En ninguno de los casos existieron diferencias en las variables que se evaluaron (agudeza visual sin corrección, agudeza visual mejor corregida, esfera, cilindro y equivalente esférico). La diferencia entre los valores preoperatorios y los encontrados a los 6 meses del tratamiento quirúrgico en cada grupo fueron estadísticamente significativos (p= 0,000) para todas las variables analizadas, excepto para la agudeza visual mejor corregida en el grupo de ojos tratados con láser con mitomicina C (p= 0,083). El haze y el defecto de epitelización fueron los dos tipos de complicaciones observadas. Conclusiones: Se demostró que ambas técnicas quirúrgicas son efectivas y seguras(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness and safety of laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy with mitomycin C vs. photoreactive keratectomy with mitomycin C in eyes with myopia or compound myopic astigmatism. Methods: An experimental prospective longitudinal study was conducted at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from April 2016 to April 2017. Simple random sampling was used to decide on the surgical technique to be applied. Surgery was first performed on the right eye using one of the techniques, and then one week later on the left eye with the other technique. That way each patient could undergo both surgical techniques. The sample was composed of 146 eyes (73 patients) meeting the inclusion criteria. Results: Preoperative behavior was very similar in the two groups. In neither case were differences found in the variables analyzed (uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, sphere, cylinder and spherical equivalent). The differences between preoperative values and those found six months after surgery in each group were statistically significant for all the variables analyzed (p= 0.000), except for best corrected visual acuity in the group of eyes treated with laser with mitomycin C (p= 0.083). Haze and epithelization defect were the two types of complications observed. Conclusions: It was demonstrated that both surgical techniques are effective and safe(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Mitomycin/therapeutic use , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Keratectomy, Subepithelial, Laser-Assisted/methods , Lasers, Excimer/therapeutic use , Myopia/surgery , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
7.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(4): 344-347, July-Aug. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950465

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The following report describes a case of apical leucoma syndrome after hyperopic photorefractive keratectomy following hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis and the subsequent treatment of this complication with focal phototherapeutic keratectomy. The patient underwent focal transepithelial phototherapeutic keratectomy of 70 mm ablation and 1.5 mm diameter after pupil and ablation offset correction. After 1 year, significant improvement in vision was observed and only slight residual opacity remained on biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography. Focal phototherapeutic keratectomy was effective and safe for the treatment of this complication.


RESUMO O relato a seguir descreve um caso da síndrome do Leucoma Apical após cirurgia ceratorrefrativa hipermetrópica depois de Laser hiperópico in situ keratomileusis, e o subsequente tratamento desta complicação com ceratectomia fototerapêutica focal. O paciente foi submetido à ceratectomia fototerapêutica focal transepitelial com ablação de 70 mm e diâmetro de 1,5 mm, após correção de offset pupilar. Depois de um ano, foi observada uma melhora significativa da acuidade visual permanecendo apenas leve opacidade residual na biomicroscopia e tomografia de coerência óptica. A ceratectomia fototerapêutica focal foi efetiva e segura para o tratamento desta complicação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Corneal Opacity/surgery , Corneal Opacity/etiology , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Syndrome , Visual Acuity , Hyperopia/surgery
8.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 29(4): 632-644, oct.-dic. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845046

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: comparar las queratometrías obtenidas por el Pentacam y el método de Maloney en pacientes con catarata, operados previamente de cirugía refractiva corneal. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal, prospectivo y comparativo entre los valores queratométricos obtenidos mediante el método de Maloney y el Pentacam en pacientes con catarata y cirugía refractiva corneal previa. Se estudiaron 41 ojos de 31 pacientes distribuidos en dos grupos, con 23 y 18 ojos para Maloney y Pentacam respectivamente. La información de la base de datos fue procesada con el software SPSS versión 11.0 para Window. Se trabajó con un nivel de confianza del 95 por ciento y de error inferior al 0,05 por ciento. Resultados: en ambos grupos prevaleció el astigmatismo miópico (simple o compuesto), lo cual se encontró en 14 ojos (60,9 por ciento) del grupo 1 y 16 ojos (89 por ciento) del grupo 2. La mayoría de los ojos estudiados (37) tenían queratotomía radiada, y solo 4,3 del Grupo 1 y 1 del Grupo 2 tenían LASEK miópico. La queratometría promedio obtenida por el método de Maloney fue de 37,55 D, mientras que el valor promedio brindado por el Pentacam (EKR a 4,0 mm) fue de 39,18 D, con una diferencia promedio de 1,64 D, que fue significativa (p= 0,019). Conclusiones: los valores queratométricos aportados por el método de Maloney y las EKR a 4,0 mm del modo Holladay Report del Pentacam presentan diferencias significativas en pacientes con queratotomía radiada previa(AU)


Objective: to compare the keratometries with Pentacam and with Maloney method in patients with cataract, who had previously undergone refractive corneal surgery. Methods: comparative, prospective, descriptive and longitudinal study of keratometric values estimated with Pentacam camera and with Maloney's method in patients with cataract and previous corneal refractive surgery. Forty one eyes were distributed into two groups; twenty three were studied by Maloney method and 18 by Pentacam. Database information was processed by was processed by version 11.0 SPSS software for Windows. The confidence interval was 95 percent and the error margin below 0.05 percent. Results: myopic astigmatism (simple or compound) prevailed and it was found in 14 eyes (60.9 percent) of Group 1 and in 16 eyes (89 percent) of group 2. Most of the studied eyes (37) had radiated keratotomy and just 4.3 in group 1 and one in group 2 had myopic LASEK. The average keratometry with Maloney's method was 37.55 D whereas the average value provided by the Pentacam (EKR at 4,0 mm) was 39.18 D, with a significant average difference of 1.64 D (p= 0.019). Conclusions: the keratometric values estimated by Maloney's method and the EKR at 4,0 mm from the Holladay Report of Pentacam show significant differences in patients with previous radiated keratotomy(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Bowman Membrane/injuries , Keratitis/diagnosis , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Refractive Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data
9.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 29(4): 706-711, oct.-dic. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845054

ABSTRACT

Las opciones quirúrgicas con la utilización del láser excímer en determinadas entidades corneales reporta importantes beneficios. La queratopatía en banda, considerada como una degeneración de la córnea superficial caracterizada por la presencia de depósitos de calcio en la membrana de Bowman, es una de las afecciones corneales que han mostrado alentadores resultados con la realización de la queratectomía fototerapéutica. Se presenta un paciente de 68 años, del sexo femenino y piel blanca, con antecedentes de uveítis anterior. En la consulta refirió sensación de cuerpo extraño del ojo derecho. En la exploración oftalmológica del ojo derecho se apreciaron en la córnea superficial depósitos de color blanco-grisáceo de localización interpalpebral. Los estudios refractivos realizados constataron una disminución marcada de la agudeza visual de cuenta dedos en ambos ojos. Se le realizó queratectomía fototerapéutica del ojo derecho y mejoró la sintomatología ocular(AU)


The surgical options with the use of the excímer laser in certain corneal diseases provide important benefits. Band keratopahy, considered a superficial corneal degeneration characterized by the presence of calcific bands in Bowman's membrane, is one of the corneal affections that have shown encouraging results with the performance of phototherapeutic keratectomy. Here is a 68 years-old Caucasian female with no history of previous uveitis. At the ophthalmological service, she said she felt some foreign body in her right eye. The eye examination revealed white-gray superficial deposits of intereyelid location in the cornea. The refractive studies confirmed a marked reduction of visual acuity in both eyes. The patient underwent phototherapeutic keratectomy and her ocular symptoms improved(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Bowman Membrane/injuries , Keratitis/diagnosis , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Refractive Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data
10.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 79(2): 69-72, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-782806

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the visual outcomes, recurrence patterns, safety, and efficacy of excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) in conjunction with mitomycin C (MMC) for corneal macular and granular diystrophies. Methods: The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included patients with macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) that caused superficial corneal plaque opacities, and Group 2 included patients with granular corneal dystrophy (GCD). Patients in both groups were pre-, peri-, and postoperatively evaluated. The groups were compared in terms of uncorrected visual acuity (VA), best spectacle-corrected VA, presence of mild or significant recurrence, and time of recurrence. Results: Eighteen eyes (nine with MCD and nine with GCD) of 18 patients (10 men and eight women) were included. PTK was performed for each eye that was included in this study. The mean ablation amount was 117.8 ± 24.4 µm and 83.5 ± 45.7 µm in MCD and GCD, respectively, (p=0.18). The postoperative improvement of the mean VA was similar between the two groups before recurrences (p>0.43) and after recurrences (p>0.71). There were no statistically significant differences in the recurrence rate and the recurrence-free period for any recurrence type. Conclusion: PTK was an effective, safe, and minimally invasive procedure for patients with MCD and GCD. PTK in conjunction with MMC was similarly effective for both groups in terms of recurrence and visual outcomes.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados visuais, padrões de recorrência, segurança e eficácia da ceratectomia fototerapêutica (PTK) por excimer laser em conjunto com mitomicina C (MMC) em distrofias macular e granular da córnea. Métodos: Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos. Grupo 1 incluiu pacientes com distrofia macular de córnea (MCD) que causaram opacidades superficiais corneanas em placa e o grupo 2 incluiu pacientes com distrofia corneana granular (GCD). Todos os pacientes em ambos os grupos foram avaliados no pré, per e pós-operatório. Os grupos foram comparados em termos de acuidade visual (VA) não corrigida, VA melhor corrigida por óculos, presença de recorrência leve ou significativa e o tempo de recorrência. Resultados: Dezoito olhos de 18 pacientes (10 homens e 8 mulheres) foram incluídos no estudo, 9 olhos com MCD e 9 olhos com GCD. Um procedimento de PTK foi realizado em cada olho incluídos neste estudo. A quantidade média de ablação foi 117,8 ± 24,4, 83,5 ± 45,7 µm de MCD e GCD, respectivamente, (p=0,18). A melhora pós-operatória da acuidade visual média foi semelhante entre os dois grupos antes de as recidivas (p>0,43) e após as recidivas (p>0,71). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na taxa de recorrência ou do período livre de recorrência para qualquer tipo de recorrência. Conclusão: PTK foi um procedimento eficaz, seguro e minimamente invasivo para pacientes MCD e GCD. PTK em conjunto com MMC é igualmente eficaz para ambos os grupos em termos de recorrência e resultados visuais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/therapy , Mitomycin/therapeutic use , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Alkylating Agents/therapeutic use , Lasers, Excimer/therapeutic use , Postoperative Complications , Recurrence , Time Factors , Visual Acuity , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome , Mitomycin/administration & dosage , Photorefractive Keratectomy/adverse effects , Corneal Opacity/therapy , Lasers, Excimer/adverse effects
11.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 78(6): 363-366, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-768169

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To quantitatively analyze corneal esthesia in patients undergoing photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) surgery. Methods: Forty-five patients selected for PRK in one eye underwent corneal esthesia using a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer preoperatively and 30 and 90 days postoperatively. Patients with a refractive diopter error of 4 or greater received intraoperative 0.02% mitomycin C for 20 s. Results: Twenty-four (53.3%) of the 45 eyes received intraoperative 0.02% mitomycin. Decreased sensitivity was observed on postoperative day 30. By postoperative day 90, corneal esthesia had normalized but remained 14.9% lower than preoperative levels. In the mitomycin group, no recovery of corneal esthesia to normal sensitivity levels was observed. The mean esthesiometer level was 39.2 mm on postoperative day 90 (P<0.001). Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrate recovery of corneal esthesia to normal levels at 90 days postoperatively in patients who did not receive mitomycin C. In patients administered mitomycin C, a 23.59% reduction in the corneal touch threshold was observed compared with preoperative levels indicating a failure of recovery to normal levels.


RESUMO Objetivo: Análise quantitativa da estesia corneal em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia refrativa (PRK). Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, longitudinal e intervencionista, analisando 45 olhos com estesiômetro de Cochet Bonnet no período pré-operatório, no 30º dia após a cirurgia e no 90º dia após cirurgia refrativa. Os pacientes com erro refracional maior ou igual a 4 dioptrias, foram submetidos ao uso de mitomicina 0,02%, por período de 20 segundos no intraoperatório. Resultados: Observou-se diminuição da sensibilidade corneal no 30º dia em todos os olhos, retornando a níveis próximo ao normal no 90º dia, apresentando redução média final de 14,9%. Mitomicina C foi utilizada em 24 (53,3%) dos 45 olhos examinados. No grupo que recebeu mitomicina C, não houve recuperação da estesia normal (média de 39,2 mm) (p<0,001), após 90 dias de cirurgia. Conclusão: Com base nos resultados obtidos, verificamos que ocorreu recuperação da estesia corneal próximo ao normal 90 dias após a cirurgia, porém inferior aos valores iniciais, no grupo sem o uso de mitomicina C intraoperatória. No entanto, no grupo submetido ao uso de mitomicina, não houve a recuperação da sensibilidade corneal a níveis normais, mesmo após o período de 90 dias.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cornea/physiopathology , Cornea/surgery , Lasers, Excimer/therapeutic use , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Intraoperative Period , Lasers, Excimer/adverse effects , Mitomycin/therapeutic use , Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Photorefractive Keratectomy/adverse effects , Reference Values , Sensation Disorders/etiology , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
12.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-159349

ABSTRACT

Climatic droplet keratopathy (CDK) is one of the most frequent degenerative corneal diseases with high prevalence rates, especially in equatorial and polar regions. Th e profound hypoesthesia observed in some cases with advanced CDK may contribute to the occurrence of trophic-corneal ulceration, rapid bacterial over infection, diffi culty of healing and relentless evolution to perforation. Superfi cial keratectomy, lamellar or penetrating keratoplasty and excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy are various surgical options that have been tried in the management of CDK involving the visual axis, impairing the vision. We attempted conjunctivo-limbal autograft (CLAG) in a patient of advanced CDK with corneal ulceration and studied the outcome at the end of 6 weeks and found a better corneal epithelial regeneration post CLAG.


Subject(s)
Aged , Corneal Diseases/epidemiology , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Corneal Ulcer/epidemiology , Corneal Ulcer/surgery , Humans , Hypesthesia , Limbus Corneae/surgery , Male , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Tears , Transplantation, Autologous
13.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 73(5): 273-278, Sep-Oct/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-741903

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analisar a secreção lacrimal, coloração da superfície ocular e estabilidade do filme lacrimal em indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia de PRK e LASIK com laser de femtossegundo (femto LASIK). Métodos: Vinte olhos de 10 pacientes submetidos à técnica de Femto LASIK e 11 olhos de 6 pacientes submetidos à técnica de PRK foram estudados de forma prospectiva, longitudinal e intervencionista. Tempo de rotura do filme lacrimal (TRFL), teste de Schirmer basal e coloração da superfície ocular com lissamina verde foram analisados no pré-operatório (pré), no 15º e no 30º dia pós-operatório (15º pós e 30º pós, respectivamente). Resultados: Agrupando todos os olhos, observou-se que o TRFL reduziu-se de forma estatisticamente significante no 15º pós em relação ao valor pré-operatório (p=0,025), mantendo-se reduzido no 30º pós (p= 0,001); não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o 15º pós e o 30º pós (p=0,219). No teste da lissamina verde, houve aumento significativo desse escore, no 15º pós em relação ao período pré-operatório (p=0,021), havendo, posteriormente, redução no 30º pós (p=0,010). No teste de Schirmer basal, não foi detectada mudança estatisticamente significante ao longo dos três momentos (p=0,107). Comparando-se os testes TRFL, lissamina verde ou Schirmer basal, nos dois grupos estudados (PRK e LASIK), não houve diferença estatisticamente significante em nenhum dos três momentos (pré, 15º pós e 30º pós). Conclusão: Evidenciou-se alteração do filme lacrimal nos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia refrativa, quando foram utilizados os testes de TRFL e lissamina verde. Nas duas técnicas empregadas, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante de alteração do filme lacrimal, quando comparadas entre si (PRK e LASIK). .


Purpose: To evaluate tear film stability, ocular surface staining and tear secretion in patients undergoing PRK and femtosecond laser LASIK. Methods: Twenty eyes of 10 patients submitted to femtosecond laser LASIK and 11 eyes of the 6 patients submitted do PRK underwent tear film break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer’s basal and lissamine green staining measurements pre and postoperatively on days 15 (PO 15) and 30 (PO 30). Results: When grouping all eyes TBUT was reduced on PO 15 (p=0.025) and on PO 30 (p=0.001) compared to preoperative values. No difference was found between PO 15 and PO 30 (p=0.219). Compared to preoperative measurements, lissamine green test demonstrated a significant increase in score on PO 15 (p=0.021) and a significant reduction on PO 30 (p=0.010), when both groups were analyzed together (all 42 eyes). No changes in Schirmer’s basal test were detected in all 3 time periods (p=0.107). TBUT, lissamine green and Schirmer’s basal measurements were no different in all 3 time periods when both groups (PRK and femtosecond laser LASIK) were compared. Conclusion: TBUT and lissamine green measurements were altered after refractive surgery regardless the technique (PRK or femtosecond laser LASIK). When comparing one technique to the other, no difference was found in all measurements. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Tears/metabolism , Dry Eye Syndromes/diagnosis , Dry Eye Syndromes/etiology , Photorefractive Keratectomy/adverse effects , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Lacrimal Apparatus/metabolism , Osmolar Concentration , Postoperative Complications , Staining and Labeling/methods , Surface Tension , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Fluorescein/administration & dosage , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Lasers, Excimer/therapeutic use , Fluorescent Dyes/administration & dosage , Lissamine Green Dyes/administration & dosage
14.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 73(3): 138-142, May-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-727177

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Comparar a influência de duas técnicas de remoção do epitélio da córnea quanto ao tempo de aplicação, ao conforto intraoperatório, à sintomatologia e à reepitelização no pós-operatório de ceratectomia fotorefrativa (PRK). Métodos: Este estudo prospectivo e randomizado incluíram 58 olhos de 29 pacientes que tiveram ambos os olhos submetidos sequencial e simultaneamente à PRK, sendo que em um dos olhos foi realizado a desepitelização manual com espátula e no outro, a técnica mecanizada com escova rotatória. Resultados: A técnica mais rápida, medida em segundos, foi a escova rotatória (16,4 ± 6,3) em comparação com a manual (35,7 ± 7,6). Não houve diferença entre os métodos quanto ao desconforto referido pelo paciente durante a cirurgia e quanto ao tipo de sintoma referido no pós-operatório (p>0,05). A análise de variância (ANOVA) mostrou que o método da escova estava relacionado a uma maior intensidade de sintomas [F(8,104)=1,5; p<0,05], e o teste post hoc indicou que essa diferença só foi significante (p<0,05) no 2º dia de pós-operatório. Todos os olhos dos 2 grupos apresentaram epitelização corneana completa no 5º dia de pós-operatório. Conclusão: Neste estudo, observou-se que a desepitelização com escova rotatória foi superior à técnica manual unicamente pelo seu menor tempo de aplicação. Comparativamente esteve relacionada a um mesmo nível de desconforto intraoperatório e uma intensidade maior nos sintomas pós-operatórios. .


Objective: To compare the influence of two techniques for corneal epithelial removal in photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) - blunt scrape versus rotary brush - regarding duration of technique application, intraoperative comfort, and reepithelization. Methods: This prospective randomized study included 58 eyes of 29 patients that underwent simultaneous and sequential PRK in both eyes - blunt scrape (scraped group) in one eye and rotary brush (brushed group) in the fellow eye. Results: The faster technique, measured in seconds, was the rotary brush (16.4 ± 6.3) compared to the blunt scrape (35.7 ± 7.6). There was no difference between the methods regarding discomfort reported by the patient during surgery and the type of symptom reported postoperatively (p>0.05). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the brushed group were related to a greater intensity of symptoms [F (8.104) = 1.5, p<0.05] and post hoc testing indicated that this difference was only significant (p<0.05) on day 2. All eyes of the 2 groups showed complete corneal epithelialization on day 5 postoperatively. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that epithelial removal with rotating brush was superior to manual only by its shorter application. It showed the same level of intraoperative discomfort and determined a greater intensity of symptoms postoperatively. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Refractive Errors , Photorefractive Keratectomy/instrumentation , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Epithelium, Corneal/surgery , Debridement/methods , Postoperative Period , Wound Healing , Pain Measurement , Random Allocation , Prospective Studies , Operative Time
15.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 76(5): 270-273, set.-out. 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-690602

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The present study aimed to compare the postoperative contrast sensitivity functions between wavefront-guided LASIK eyes and their contralateral wavefront-guided PRK eyes. METHODS: The participants were 11 healthy subjects (mean age=32.4 ± 6.2 years) who had myopic astigmatism. The spatial contrast sensitivity functions were measured before and three times after the surgery. Psycho and a Cambridge graphic board (VSG 2/4) were used to measure luminance, red-green, and blue-yellow spatial contrast sensitivity functions (from 0.85 to 13.1 cycles/degree). Longitudinal analysis and comparison between surgeries were performed. RESULTS: There was no significant contrast sensitivity change during the one-year follow-up measurements neither for LASIK nor for PRK eyes. The comparison between procedures showed no differences at 12 months postoperative. CONCLUSIONS: The present data showed similar contrast sensitivities during one-year follow-up of wave-front guided refractive surgeries. Moreover, one year postoperative data showed no differences in the effects of either wavefront-guided LASIK or wavefront-guided PRK on the luminance and chromatic spatial contrast sensitivity functions.


OBJETIVO: A proposta do presente estudo é comparar funções de sensibilidade ao contraste obtidas após wavefront-LASIK e wavefront-PRK no olho contralateral. MÉTODOS: Os participantes foram 11 sujeitos saudáveis (idade média=32,4 ± 6,2 anos) com astigmatismo miópico. As funções de sensibilidade ao contraste espacial foram obtidas antes e três vezes após a cirurgia. O programa Psycho e uma placa gráfica da Cambridge Research Systems (VSG 2/4) permitiram gerar os estímulos com contraste espacial de luminância e cromático (verde-vermelho e azul-amarelo) de 0,85 até 13,1 ciclos/grau. Análises longitudinais e comparações entre as cirurgias foram realizadas. RESULTADOS: Não houve mudança significativa da sensibilidade ao contraste durante o primeiro ano após a cirurgia para o olho que recebeu o LASIK ou para o olho que recebeu o PRK. A comparação entre as cirurgias também foi semelhante no pós-operatório de um ano. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados apresentados mostraram sensibilidade ao contraste semelhante durante o primeiro ano após a cirurgia refrativa com o wavefront. Além disso, no pós-operatório de um ano não houve diferença nas funções de sensibilidade ao contraste de luminância e cromático entre os olhos que receberam LASIK e os que receberam PRK.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Astigmatism/surgery , Contrast Sensitivity/physiology , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Myopia/surgery , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Light , Prospective Studies , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Treatment Outcome
16.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 72(4): 219-222, jul.-ago. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-690255

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Comparar as técnicas de PRK e Epi-LASIK com relação à recuperação visual e sintomatologia pós-operatória. Métodos: Série de casos intervencionista que incluiu 38 olhos de 19 pacientes com miopia até 5DE e astigmatismo até 1DC. Foram selecionados pacientes com erros refracionais semelhantes nos dois olhos, realizando-se, no mesmo tempo cirúrgico, PRK em um olho e Epi-LASIK no olho contralateral. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por um ano, avaliando-se a eficácia refracional e grau de desconforto pós-operatório. Resultados: Durante as primeiras 12 horas, 79,9% dos pacientes (p=0,0003) referiram dor mais intensa no olho operado com a técnica Epi-LASIK. Após 24 horas, 63,2% dos pacientes (p=0,012) ainda referiam mais dor neste olho e apenas 10,5% no olho contralateral. A acuidade visual não corrigida foi melhor nos olhos do grupo PRK no primeiro dia (p=0,034). Nos demais dias não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos. Houveopacidade corneana grau 0,5 (Fantes) em três olhos do grupo PRK e em dois no grupo Epi-LASIK. Conclusão: Ambos os grupos apresentaram resultado visual refracional satisfatório, porém o grupo Epi-LASIK apresentou maior desconforto no pós-operatório imediato.


Objective: Compare PRK and Epi-LASIK techniques regarding postoperative visual recovery and symptoms. Methods: Interventional case series study including 38 eyes of 19 patients with myopia up to 5DE and astigmatism up to 1DC. Study included patients with similar refractive errors to be submitted to PRK in one eye and Epi-LASIK in the fellow eye at the same time. Follow-up was 1 year and included refractive error analysis and postoperative discomfort. Results: During the first 12 hours after surgery, 79% (P=0,0003) of patients reported more pain and discomfort in the eye submitted to Epi-LASIK. Twenty-four hours after surgery 63,2% (P=0,012) of patients still referred more pain in the eye submitted to Epi-LASIK and only 10,5% in the contralateral eye. Uncorrected visual acuity was better on the PRK group at the 1th day (p=0.034). No difference was observed at the other postoperative days after surgery. Postoperative corneal haze 0,5 (Fantes) was observed in three eyes of the PRK group and in two days of the Epi-LASIK group. Conclusion: Both groups presented good visual refractive results, but the Epi-LASIK group presented more discomfort immediately after surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Astigmatism/surgery , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Eye Pain , Myopia/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
17.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 72(4): 237-243, jul.-ago. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-690259

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a ação do anestésico tópico proximetacaína diluído, sobre a sintomatologia e re-epitelização corneana no pós-operatório de ceratectomia fotorrefrativa (PRK). Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, comparativo e duplo cego. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: Com (n=32) e Sem (n=24) o uso de mitomicina C 0,02% no intraoperatório (indicada para ametropia igual ou acima que 4 dioptrias). Cada paciente recebeu dois frascos de colírio: um com a lágrima artificial carmelose sódica 0,5% como placebo e o outro com a mesma acrescida do anestésico proximetacaína a 0,125%. A escolha do olho a receber um ou outro colírio foi aleatória. Cada paciente foi questionado, no 1º, 2º e 3º pós-operatórios, sobre o tipo de sintoma apresentado em cada olho e sua intensidade (medida por meio da Escala Analógica Visual de Dor). O estado da re-epitelização corneana de cada olho foi avaliado no 1º e 5º dias pós-operatórios. Resultados: Os escores da intensidade da sintomatologia foram significativamente menores nos olhos que utilizaram anestésico, tanto para os pacientes do grupo que recebeu mitomicina como para os pacientes do grupo que não. A diminuição da sintomatologia foi significativamente maior nos olhos que receberam concomitantemente o anestésico e a mitomicina. Ocorreu retardo da re-epitelização corneana em apenas 3 casos do grupo que utilizou mitomicina. Conclusão: O anestésico tópico diluído na concentração e posologia propostas neste estudo mostrou-se seguro e não tóxico ao epitélio cornenano, proporcionando alívio significante da sintomatologia pós-operatória do PRK. Quando associados, o anestésico tópico diluído e a mitomicina apresentaram uma ação sinérgica nesse alívio.


Objective: To evaluate the effects of diluted topic anesthetic proximetacaine on the symptoms and corneal re-epithelialization in postoperative photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Methods: A prospective, comparative and double-blind Study. Patients were divided into two groups: With (n=32) and Without (n=24) the use of Mitomycin C at 0.02% (indicated for eyes with 4 or more diopters). Each patient received two bottles of eye drops one had artificial tear carmellose sodium 0.5%, and other had the same along with 0.125% proximetacaine. The choice of which eye would receive one or another was random. Each patient was asked, at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd postoperative days, about the type of presenting symptom on each eye and its intensity (assessed by Pain Visual Analogue Scale). The corneal re-epithelialization of each eye was evaluated at the first and fifth postoperative days. Results: The scores were significantly lower in the eyes in which anesthetic was used for both groups. The decrease in symptomatology was significantly superior in the eyes that received concomitantly the diluted anesthetic and the mitomycin when compared to the eyes that received only the anesthetic. There were only three cases of corneal re-epithelialization retardation in mitomycin group. Conclusion: The diluted proximetacaine, at the concentration and dosage proposed in this study, is safe and non-toxic to the corneal epithelium, providing significant relief for PRK postoperative symptoms. When combined, the diluted symptoms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Mitomycin/therapeutic use , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies
18.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 81-86, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-143922

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The corneal change induced by refractive procedures influence both the postoperative refractive status and the ocular spherical aberration (SA). We evaluated changes in corneal SA after three types of surface ablation: phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK), myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and myopic wavefront-guided laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK). METHODS: Twenty-six eyes (25 patients) were subjected to PTK 26 eyes (14 patients) to PRK, and 34 eyes (17 patients) to wavefront-guided LASEK. Corneal SA was measured with the iTrace in all patients both preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Six months after surgery, mean corneal SA was -0.173 +/- 0.171 micrometer in the PTK group, 0.672 +/- 0.200 micrometer in the PRK group, and 0.143 +/- 0.136 micrometer in the wavefront-guided LASEK group. The mean difference between the preoperative and postoperative corneal SA (DeltaSA) was -0.475 micrometer in the PTK group, 0.402 micrometer in the PRK group, and -0.143 micrometer in the wavefront-guided LASEK group. CONCLUSIONS: Surgically induced changes in corneal SA vary with procedure. The prediction of the pattern of SA change induced by various surface ablation procedures may be helpful for developing future surgical procedures.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/surgery , Corneal Wavefront Aberration/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Myopia/surgery , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
19.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 81-86, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-143915

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The corneal change induced by refractive procedures influence both the postoperative refractive status and the ocular spherical aberration (SA). We evaluated changes in corneal SA after three types of surface ablation: phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK), myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and myopic wavefront-guided laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK). METHODS: Twenty-six eyes (25 patients) were subjected to PTK 26 eyes (14 patients) to PRK, and 34 eyes (17 patients) to wavefront-guided LASEK. Corneal SA was measured with the iTrace in all patients both preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Six months after surgery, mean corneal SA was -0.173 +/- 0.171 micrometer in the PTK group, 0.672 +/- 0.200 micrometer in the PRK group, and 0.143 +/- 0.136 micrometer in the wavefront-guided LASEK group. The mean difference between the preoperative and postoperative corneal SA (DeltaSA) was -0.475 micrometer in the PTK group, 0.402 micrometer in the PRK group, and -0.143 micrometer in the wavefront-guided LASEK group. CONCLUSIONS: Surgically induced changes in corneal SA vary with procedure. The prediction of the pattern of SA change induced by various surface ablation procedures may be helpful for developing future surgical procedures.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/surgery , Corneal Wavefront Aberration/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Myopia/surgery , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
20.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2012 Jul-Aug; 60(4): 283-287
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-144854

ABSTRACT

Aim: The aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the “cross-cylinder” technique in the correction of astigmatism. Setting and Design: A prospective interventional study from a university eye department was conducted. Material and Methods: The photoastigmatic refractive keratectomy (PARK) using the “cross-cylinder” technique was performed in 102 eyes of 84 patients with at least 0.75 D of astigmatism. The study population was divided into two groups: in the first group the preoperative astigmatic power ranged from –0.75 D to –3.00 D (group 1), in the second group it ranged from –3.25 D to –6.00 D (group 2). Group 1 included 82 eyes of 67 patients (29 males and 38 females) with a mean cylinder power of –1.90 ± 0.63 D, group 2 included 20 eyes of 17 patients (13 males and 4 females) with a mean cylinder power of -4.28 ± 0.76 D. All eyes were targeted for emmetropia. The results were evaluated using Calossi's vector analysis method. Six-month postoperative outcomes are presented. Results: Six months after PARK the mean sphere for the entire cohort was +0.28 ± 0.75 D (range +2.5 to –2 D), the mean cylindrical power was +0.33 ± 0.51 D (range +2.5 to –1.25 D) and the mean spherical equivalent refraction was +0.73 ± 0.81 D (range +1.75 to –2 D). Conclusions: The cross-cylinder technique may be safely used with predictable results for the correction of astigmatism.


Subject(s)
Adult , Astigmatism/surgery , Cornea/surgery , Female , Humans , Keratectomy, Subepithelial, Laser-Assisted/methods , Photorefractive Keratectomy/methods , Lasers, Excimer , Reproducibility of Results , Safety , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
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